With a large electrical field applied to it, the protein has been observed to change its conformation from a stable, closed resting state to a stable, open state in which the net charge or the location of the charge on the protein is changed.
Electrospinning is a simple method used in the preparation of polymer fibers, the diameter of the electrospun fibers, varying in large from micrometer to nanometer, mainly depends upon the electrical field applied.
Moreover, according to the previous reports, electrospun membranes do not require to be polarized in order to achieve the desired piezoelectric properties because the poling is naturally done by the electrical field applied during electrospinning [23].
For electroporation in general, the strength of the electrical field applied and the pulse duration represent key parameters for effective compound delivery as well as for target cell viability [10], [11], [12].
The droplets and enzyme mix met at a channel junction next to the in-built electrode, and droplets and enzyme mix were fused at a 1 1 volume ratio to form 20 pL droplets when an electrical field was applied (constant applied voltage of 0.6 kV at 30 kHz).
The excitation threshold of myocardial microstructures is lower when external electrical fields are applied in the longitudinal direction with respect to the major axis of cells.
In IRE, repeated bursts of high-voltage electrical fields are applied to visceral beds for >1 min, which induces rapid increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output.
