In some cases, the discontinuities are an unavoidable result of mechanical or electric transitions which effects have to be minimized; in other cases, the discontinuities are deliberately introduced into the waveguide to perform a certain electric function.
The three-guitar arrangement of the scuzzy gallop "Run Right Back" took a few tries to sort out, and the acoustic-to-electric transition in the Led Zeppelin-style power ballad "Little Black Submarines" needed some attention.
Treating the para/ferro-electric transition as a point of instability of the time-dependent Ginzburg Landau equation, the order of the transition is shown to depend sensitively on the relative thickness of the film and substrate.
Upon excitation with near-ultraviolet light, the Gd2MoO6 Eu3+ phosphor exhibits a characteristic red emission corresponding to the 4f-4f transitiofs of the Eu3+ ions, in which the main electric dipole transition is 5D0 → 7F2.
The 5D0 7F2 electric dipole transition (∆J = 2) is highly affected by the local environment around Eu3+ ions.
The presence of electric dipole transition confirmed that Eu3+ ions were located at sites without inversion symmetry (C3v symmetry).
The incident photon is virtually absorbed in an electric dipole transition process that results in the magnon excitation.
All spectra were dominated by a red emission band due to the electric dipole transition 5D0 → 7F2.
Meanwhile, in the case of Ga2O3 Eu thin film, the emission characteristic of Eu III) is produced by means of electric dipole transition [4].
This internal pair production has been largely studied in the past because it is generated by a rare electric monopole transition (E0) between the states 0+/0+ of 90Zr.
