[We note that even though the polarities and intensities of the static terrestrial electric and magnetic fields do not change significantly (except during specific periods as explained) there are always small changes and local variations in the direction of the field lines that make these natural static fields only partially and never totally polarized [ 3, 4].
An applied force, an externally imposed electric field in the terrestrial case, drives ionospheric currents.
Renewed interest in proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology for space and terrestrial (particularly electric vehicles) was stimulated by the demonstration, in the mid 1980s, of high energy efficiencies and high power densities.
Living organisms have been constantly exposed throughout evolution to terrestrial static electric and magnetic fields of average intensities ~130 V/m and ~0.5 G, respectively.
Solar cell panels also are used to provide electric power in many remote terrestrial locations where conventional electric power sources are either unavailable or prohibitively expensive to install.
Cross-fertilization. Stability characteristics of terrestrial microgrids and electric ships are similar.
In the terrestrial auroral ionosphere, magnetospheric electric fields are dominant drivers of ionospheric currents.
The fundamentals for power electronic circuits and some design goals (e.g., high-power conversion efficiency) are the same in terrestrial microgrids and in electric ships.
Information about both groups of children (with and without cancer) has been obtained from parental questionnaires, general practitioners' and hospital records, and from measurement of the extent of exposure to radon gas, terrestrial gamma radiation, and electric and magnetic fields.
The findings, just published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, may help to solve the mystery of how insects and other terrestrial creatures detect and respond to electric fields.
