Elections and referendums become dangerously outmoded tools if they are not enriched with more sensible forms of citizens' participation.
The traditional tools of elections and lobbying no longer work.
The tech companies will be providing data and tools to help spot potential viral fakes pertaining to the election.
Not just because of their ferocity and persistence, but because they signal the failure of decades of efforts to win the assent of Kashmiris using just about any tool available: money, elections and overwhelming force.
"This event is a great opportunity for us to showcase Google.com/elections and tools like Google+, which we hope will be used by every candidate and campaign," the company said.
Assemble materials and tools.
Most recently (2013) she published Evaluating Elections: Tools for Improvement with co-authors R. Michael Alvarez and Thad Hall that provides long-term strategies for election administrators to continually evaluate and improve elections.
The union already combines economic aid with anti-corruption training, police and gendarmerie-style missions, election monitoring and other tools useful for state-building.
Facebook is making it easier for users to find voting guides, registration info, news video, and other Election Day planning tools with the addition of a new "Election 2016" shortcut in the Favorites section, which directs you to Facebook's elections hub.
YouTube's election hub, which is only one part of Google's larger set of election-focused tools, launched in August just ahead of the Republican and Democratic conventions.
