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This data suggests that GTPase activation of either Rac and/or Rap1 by the Spg-ELMO complex is context and/or tissue-dependent.
It is possible that in cells which endogenously express low levels of both Rac1 and -2, the threshold level of Rac activation downstream of LFA-1 engagement is not reached upon knockdown of either Rac isoform.
In this context, it is worth mentioning that Tybulewicz's group has shown recently that deficiencies in either Rac or Vav family genes may favor the survival of TCRβ– thymocytes due to hyperactivation of the Notch signaling pathway [27], a route usually deregulated in human lymphoblastic leukemia [28].
Morphological analysis confirmed a differential modification of the inhibitory circuits: deletion of either Rac caused a similar reduction of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory terminals in the pyramidal layer.
However, inhibition of either Rac or ERK throughout MEC morphogenesis significantly perturbed polarity and lumen formation and enhanced invasion regardless of p190B expression.
Deletion of either Rac leads to a similar moderate loss of PV-positive interneurons, but affects differently the morpho-functional development of the hippocampal circuits.
Similar(46)
Water samples were spiked with either rac-dufulin or the individual enantiomers during the incubation period.
Significant furrow ingression is not restored by depletion of either RAC-2 or ARX-2 in nop-1; ced-10; cyk-4 R459A embryos, suggesting that the cytokinesis defect is not due to activation of other Rac-family proteins.
Each application is assigned by the Coordinator either to the full RAC or a subset of RAC members as an expedited review.
However, the enzyme did not show any preference for either of rac-ketoprofen ethyl ester.
The absence or inhibition of either FAK or Rac, even induces a stronger activation of the other.
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