However, intense expression of the Mu A and Mu B genes, even when located in trans, leads to host cell lethality because of the overly efficient replicative transposition of the mini-Mu LER) units (Akhverdyan et al. 2007; Lee 2002).
The Tol2 transposable element, which was originally found in the medaka fish [ 6], has been reported to be capable of undergoing efficient transposition in a wide variety of vertebrate species including zebrafish, frog, mice, chicken and human [ 7- 12].
The value of the Tol2 transposon-derived transgenesis strategy has been confirmed by reports of its ability to undergo efficient transposition in a wide variety of vertebrate species [ 7- 12].
Among the DNA transposable elements, the Sleeping Beauty transposon, a member of the mariner family [ 25], has been previously reported to be capable of undergoing efficient transposition in chicken [ 26].
The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon shows efficient transposition and long-term transgene expression in the cells of vertebrates including humans.
High colony numbers in the positive control indicate efficient transposition (Fig. 3B).
Mimicking the surface, shape, texture and movement of cells and microorganisms help to overcome phagocytosis and attain efficient targeting of the drug carriers, while transposition of the feed-back regulation mechanisms and the functions of membrane channels and physiological receptors may notably enhance the spatiotemporal control of drug release.
The frequent transposition of the gene trap construct and efficient expression of the reporter gene in these lines demonstrate that this approach is a significant step towards large-scale gene trapping in this crop.
Transposition of the HPLC analytical conditions to medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) allowed the efficient isolation of the active constituents in mg amounts for structure confirmation and more extensive characterisation of their biological activities.
But his radical use of language and his transposition of the banal and the unnerving set a precedent.
Anya Reiss's transposition of the play to the Isle of Man in the present day – people go into town in Land Rovers – seemed to have none of the usual problems of arbitrary transposition.
