The photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls, together with other molecules) are arranged in special pigment-protein complexes (light-harvesting antenna complexes and RC proteins) in which efficient light absorption, energy transfer, charge separation and stabilization are warranted.
However, the more complex criteria that PEC photoelectrodes must satisfy (e.g., efficient light absorption and charge transfer, chemical stability, and low cost) translate into greater challenges in finding optimized materials.
Comparing to traditional heat exchanger tube with channel diameter more than 2 mm, microchannel tube has great advantage on high heat transfer efficient, light weight, high pressure bearing capacity.
The unique 3D dandelion-like hierarchical structure exhibited low reflectance and efficient light harvesting since the ordered rods provided a light-transfer path for incident light and multiple reflective and scattering effects.
The 3D dandelion-like TiO2 hierarchical structures show low reflectance and efficient light harvesting since this ordered rod geometry offers a light-transfer path for incident light as well as multiple reflective and scattering effects.
Similar quenching in the emission intensity of various fluorophores was already reported in presence of an efficient light quencher like Au NP and ascribed to charge transfer interaction between these two moieties [31, 32, 33, 34].
Indirect bandgap semiconductors such as silicon are not efficient light emitters because a phonon with a high momentum is required to transfer an electron from the conduction to the valence band.
101 Lin et al. employed energy transfer (ET) between nanoparticles, which is a form of optical waveguiding, to achieve and efficient light absorption.
This indicates efficient energy transfer between the donor and acceptor dye fragments and that the novel compound 7 would be able to act as a highly efficient light harvesting antenna.
Since more efficient light utilization can be achieved by absorbing and scattering more light within the photoanode, a lower transmittance of the photoanode is a prerequisite for high-efficiency DSCs, which can be adjusted by controlling the orientation of the transferred ZnO NRs in this experiment.
