Transfection efficiency was confirmed to be 30 45% using pHcRed1-Nuc Vector (Clontech) as a control.
Grafting efficiency was confirmed by analysing Foxp3 GFP+ cells by flow cytometry at indicated time-points.
After 48 hours, knockdown efficiency was confirmed by qRT-PCR, and then all the downstream genes were analyzed.
The binding efficiency was confirmed by the fluorescence intensity in each microtire plate well.
The lower initiation efficiency was confirmed via visualization of individual molecules by atomic force microscopy.
Motor neuron differentiation efficiency was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining with MAP2, β-tubulin III, and motor neuron-specific markers Isl-1, ChAT (Supplementary Figs. 6a, b).
Before using lentiviral shRNA vectors to target VGLUT1 expression in the mouse hippocampus in vivo, knockdown efficiency was confirmed in vitro after stable transduction into a mouse neuroblastoma cell line.
The transfection efficiency was confirmed by Western blot (Fig. S2).
The knockdown efficiency was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR.
The knockdown efficiency was confirmed by quantitative real time-PCR (Fig. 2A).
A constant extraction efficiency was confirmed for the target organisms in this study.
