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Several approaches to slow the rotational motion of gadolinium-based contrast agents and thus to improve their relaxation efficiency have been reported in the literature.
The NSE promoter has been shown to provide brain-specific expression of transgenes, however, large variations in expression efficiency have been reported (Forss-Petter et al. 1990; Hartenstein et al. 1996).
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The electrospray process with vapor treatment has been applied to organic photovoltaic fabrication, while comparable power conversion efficiency has been reported with the spin-coating process [13].
Splicing efficiency had been reported to have an effect on whether an exon is spliced into a linear or circular transcript (Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014).
The power conversion efficiency has been reported to be 2.1 % for PbSe [73], 2 % for PbS [72], and 3.3 % for PbSxSe1 − x-based devices [74].
The highest photodegradation efficiency has been reported using NT films annealed at different temperatures such as 450°C [15], 500°C [16], 550°C [17], and 600°C [18].
The increase in NO3 removal efficiency has been reported with an increase of the electrical potential from 10to4040 V for aqueous solution (Malakootian et al. 2011).
Different investigations have assessed that sulfonated-based superplastizers are not as efficient in recycled aggregates concrete than on natural aggregates concrete, but no significant loss of polycarboxylic-based superplasticizer efficiency has been reported.
A similar labeling efficiency has been reported for the Z/EG strain following a cross to a separate myeloid specific-Cre strain [9].
An influence of the pH on the coating efficiency has been reported in several publications [ 21- 23].
Utilization of different modified helper phages to improve the bio-panning efficiency has been reported [ 37, 49- 54].
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