It is the result of a complex interaction between reversible down-regulation of PSII efficiency, damage and recovery capacity of the photosynthetic apparatus [ 3, 39].
Other scientists, meanwhile, have refined the physiological understanding of endurance to incorporate more subtle factors, such as running efficiency, microscopic damage to muscle fibres, fuelling, and hydration.
However, the reforms do not address the fact that the removal of the revenue recycling mechanism has severely weakened the financial incentives for organisations to invest in energy efficiency and damaged the reputation of the scheme.
Aerospace structures need excellent structural efficiency and damage tolerant behaviour to avoid critical failure in presence of small defects and repeated small loads typical of contingent loads.
The efficiency of damage sensing in fiber composites with uniformly and non-uniformly dispersed carbon nanotubes has been compared in this study.
The speed of the machine varies from 100 – 600 rpm while machine operational parameters such as throughput capacity, peeling efficiency, mechanical damage, quality performance efficiency and peel retention were determined for each size.
The optimal experimental design (OED) concept is further applied to evaluate the observation set-up efficiency for damage mitigation measures within a representative synthetic example of a tunneling project passing beneath an existing building.
Various structural failure modes exhibit great differences in occurrence probabilities, failure consequences and intrinsic characteristics, etc. Utilising these differences can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of damage identification research, which has currently received little coverage.
X-ray computed tomography of a pine tree revealed three main features of tree branch joints which provide high structural efficiency and damage tolerance: integrated design with the branch embedded into the centre of the trunk; three-dimensional fibril lay-up in the principal stress directions; and variable fibril density to achieve iso-strain conditions through the joint connection.
Although reducing the number of actuators in mobile robots contributes to weight saving and results in high efficiency or damage reduction in the event of an accident such as falling over, ideally it should not degrade the robot's performance and functionality.
