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The singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical generation efficiencies were estimated using chemical probes following photoirradiation (λ > 500 nm).
PCR efficiencies were estimated using 10 fold dilution series (comprising linearised plasmid containing amplicon) according to the formula E = 10(−10slope)−10
Amplification efficiencies were estimated using LinRegPCR (Ramakers et al. 2003) for each individual reaction.
Primer efficiencies were estimated using either a standard curve or linReg PCR software.
Transfection efficiencies were estimated using co-transfected pEGFP-C1 (20 ng).
Similar(55)
Because different cultivars show genotype-related differences in these biological characteristics, nitrogen use efficiency were estimated using relative indices under several nitrogen levels.
The receiver efficiency was estimated using the Power-On Method.
Second harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency was estimated using Kurtz and Perry powder method.
The flash detection efficiency was estimated using average peak current maps and some theoretical results previously published.
Electroporation efficiency was estimated using an infectious centers assay as previously described [32].
The efficiency was estimated using series of 5-fold dilution of the sample and checked for each run.
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