The finding that the point estimate of vaccine efficacy fell when adjusted for village of residence from 30% to 11% is difficult to interpret.
Childhood vaccination programs fail to be beneficial if vaccine efficacy falls to <25%, levels that have never been reported in younger or high-risk children (1 ).
Combination with MMC resulted in a response rate of 15% in irinotecan-resistant cancer, but its efficacy fell to 5% when the cancer was resistant to both irinotecan and oxaliplatin.
However, outcomes such as self-reported health, healthcare service use and patient self-efficacy fall short of an adequate operationalisation of broader definitions of patient empowerment as outcome, that include the physical, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual needs of people living with chronic disease [ 2- 6].
The number of self-reported falls in the previous twelve months, and falls efficacy (Modified Falls Efficacy Scale) were also recorded.
Hence, exercise interventions that facilitate adoption and long term adherence may maximize the efficacy of fall prevention strategies.
In Europe safety and efficacy considerations fall within the European Medicines Agency Guidelines on Risk Management Systems for Medicinal Products for Human Use[ 22].
A measles post-outbreak survey conducted in Democratic Republic of Congo shows that measles vaccine efficacy could fall to 60%% [ 15].
As Buyse et al. (2011) observe, although these selection designs provide clear information about treatment efficacy, they fall short in substantiating the usefulness of the companion test, as they do not demonstrate lack of benefit in marker-negative patients.
Both low falls efficacy and fear of falling are associated with previous and future falls [ 10- 15], however falls efficacy is a stronger predictor of falls and can be considered a mediator between fear of falling and falls [ 15].
Assessments before and after the 8 weeks included: Berg Balance Score (balance), Activities Balance Confidence Scale (ABC, balance self-efficacy), and Falls-Efficacy Scale (falls-efficacy).
