Treatment effect will be quantified using the point estimate, the two-sided 95 % CI, and associated p value.
The treatment effect will be quantified with an absolute difference in rate of pain reduction with the associated 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value.
Where the effects of the gene on the disease are not in opposing directions within the categories of the environmental exposure, evidence for a gene-disease effect will be quantified using a simultaneous (or "joint") hypothesis test [ 62] of the gene and gene-by-environment interaction effects.
27 For time-to-event data, the effects of self-management will be quantified by estimating HR and 95% CI.
In future studies when evaluating the efficacy of tumor antigen specific vault nanocaspsules vaccination routes in the protective and therapeutic settings that include i.v or i.p. delivery routes, changes in plasma/serum transaminase level will be quantified for vault effects on liver function.
Inflammatory cytokines are another potential "hit" and the effect of prebiotics on plasma inflammatory markers will be quantified.
Effects on continuous outcomes (HRQoL and days in hospital) will be quantified by mean differences and 95% CI and will be estimated using linear mixed effects models.
Effect of creep and composite action to release stress considered by the models will be quantified theoretically and using input parameters extracted from various literatures.
Relative prey density will be quantified using split-beam echosounders.
Appropriate confidence intervals of estimates of effect will be given to quantify the degree of uncertainty of the point estimates.
