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Exact(9)
At the reach scale, LW addition enhanced the biomass of invertebrates and shredders in summer but the effects were opposite in winter.
However, reaction times were affected by fairness only for the low offers, and the effects were opposite to what was expected, with faster responses for less fair offers.
As expected, the levels of p21 and p27/Kip1, whose effects were opposite to that of cyclin D1 and Cdk4, were increased.
As the effects were opposite to those seen in mice, intermediate doses (0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg; N = 12) and a larger dose (3 mg/kg; N = 8) were also investigated (Experiment 4b).
VIP effects were opposite but corroborate the contrary observations in CIA and control BMMs: VIP strongly enhanced apoptotic caspase 3/7 activity in neutrophils from healthy volunteers [ 47] but was also shown to rescue murine acinar cells from TNF-induced apoptosis [ 48].
It is notable that in the current study, tamoxifen treatment had an apparent impact on the levels of expression of both ER α and ER β, but that the effects were opposite to each other, with levels of ER α declining and those of ER β1 increasing.
Similar(51)
However, according to Zhao et al. (2010), this result implies a typical competitive mediation effect where the directions of direct and indirect effects are opposite.
Dex and 25-OH effects are opposite (25-OH activates sPLA2-IIA promoter while Dex represses it).
However, the direction of effects was opposite to that observed in the European descent samples [7], [21].
We therefore conclude that although sensorimotor response and gating are obviously influenced by Fmr1-KO in both humans and mice, the direction of the effects is opposite.
However, these effects are opposite to those of locomotion, which reduces spatial competition.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com