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Psychological effects were assessed using the Altered State of Consciousness (5D-ASC) rating scale.
Subjective drug effects were assessed using Visual Analog Scales (VAS), the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI) and Adjective Rating Scales (ARS).
Exercise responses were analysed using a two-way mixed measures ANOVA with time as within- and group as between-measures variable for normally distributed variables, and significant main effects were assessed using Sidak post hoc tests.
Physiological effects were assessed using a preload-test-meal design with a no load, 0 kJ; and 4 preload conditions: low carbohydrate/low fat, low energy, 0.4 MJ; high fat, low carbohydrate, medium energy, 1.1 MJ; high carbohydrate, low fat, medium energy 1.1 MJ; high fat, high carbohydrate, high energy, 1.8 MJ.
Gene and breastfeeding main effects were assessed using a hierarchical model.
The presence of publication bias and small study effects were assessed using the Egger regression asymmetry test for funnel plot and the Begg-Mazumdar adjusted rank correlation test.
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The effects are assessed using the plate center point deflection, full field deformation evolution, and fluid structure wave interaction.
To assess the significance level of indirect effects, the standard error of estimated parameters of indirect effects was assessed using a bootstrap method (1000 iterations) (Rosseel 2012; Zainuddin 2015).
Significance of fixed effects was assessed using LR tests (using maximum likelihood (ML)).
The significance of random effects was assessed using a likelihood ratio test (Pinheiro and Bates 2000).
Heterogeneity induced by non-threshold effects was assessed using a χ test and quantified by I.
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