"Females are choosing to mate with males who are in poorer physical condition," Dr. Buchanan said, with potential effects on the number and survivability of offspring.
"The [effect of diesel fumes on flower scent] could have serious detrimental effects on the number of honeybee colonies and pollination activity".
However, the effects on the number of labourers hired and total payments are relatively modest, suggesting that hired labourers' time is allocated differently when dairy cows are owned.
However, these laws do not have the same effects on the number of cigarettes smoked by women and men.
It has positive spillover effects on the number of employees firms hire, and on the wages of low-skilled workers in high-tech sectors.
The study examines not only the effects of rising temperatures, but also how solar radiation and water availability impact plant productivity — specifically, their effects on the number of "suitable growing days" for plants worldwide.
The program is "having big effects on the number of women requesting and receiving contraception in a state that recently had the nation's highest rate of unplanned pregnancies," she writes.
At the landscape level, the proportion of forest clearcuts and intensity of tourism had significant negative effects on the number of capercaillie males in the lek.
The results of the analysis show that increasing absolute size and decreasing relative size of settlement unit have negative effects on the number of candidates in units.
At the employer-level, we find statistically significant effects on the number of highly educated employees for both the period of program participation and the subsequent time period.
Through funding from Swiss Re Institute, the team will investigate climate change's effects on the number, intensity, and trajectories of hurricanes in the Atlantic and Caribbean, both today and 10-20 years into the future.
