In conclusion, the present study suggests that exposure to food-deprivation for prolonged duration results in deleterious effects on reproduction, which might lead to impairment in the reproductive success of O. mossambicus.
The chemicals the E.P.A. is planning to test, mostly pesticides, have already been thoroughly characterized for toxicity, including effects on reproduction.
In those species there are indications that melatonin stimulates the release of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, in turn leading to the suppression of gonadotropins (hormones that act on the ovaries or testes), which may explain the disruptive effects on reproduction.
Yet little knowledge has been gained regarding effects on reproduction.
Similarly, selamectin had no adverse effects on reproduction in adult male and female dogs.
Long-term in vivo studies of the effects on reproduction and development of mammals may include effects on endocrine systems.
Provided that the sensitivity of American kestrels and herring gulls is comparable, PBDE alone would not lead to effects on reproduction and embryonic survival.
Light availability may have direct effects on reproduction through resource availability, and indirect effects on female reproduction by influencing plant-pollinator interactions.
Although the mutations are rare, because of their deleterious effects on reproduction, they have been elucidating by unraveling several poorly known aspects of gonadotropin action.
Effects on reproduction of dystocia, stillbirth, abortion, milk fever, retained placenta, metritis, cystic ovaries, anestrus, ketosis, displaced abomasum, locomotor disorders, and mastitis were reviewed.
The test results were categorized according to the incidence of toxic effects on reproduction in the parent animals or their offspring and related to general toxic effects.
