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(Note that this seems perfectly possible, since it is the opposite of well-known placebo effects of expectation in reducing pain).
The findings indicated significant differences between G1 and G2 in terms of the direct effects of expectation and perceived behavior control on participants' green sportswear purchase intention.
The results of the overall model testing confirmed the significant effects of expectation, perception, subjective norm, and attitude on consumers' purchase intention for green sportswear.
The findings from the comparative model testing indicated significant differences between non-green and green product users in terms of the effects of expectation and perceived behavior control on participants' green sportswear purchase intention.
To isolate the effects of expectation from those of attention we used a novel factorial design: expectation was manipulated by changing the probability that a Gabor target would be presented; attention was manipulated by instructing participants to perform or ignore a concurrent visual search task.
The results confirmed that significant effects of expectation, perception, subjective norm, and attitude as a mediator variable, played important roles in purchasing green sportswear in the overall conception model; however, different from our original hypothesis, perceived behavior control (PBC) did not have any effect on attitude and purchase intention for green sportswear.
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In the present study, the effects of expectations on novelty processing were investigated using event-related potentials, while controlling for the effect of repetition.
However, the effects of expectations are mainly studied regarding outcome of treatment [ 31].
Still, these different perspectives on expectations make it challenging to compare and summarize effects of expectations on treatment outcomes.
To avoid confounding effects of actual difficulty with effects of expectations, by necessity, half of the blocks in the experimental task contained difficulty labels that were false.
Indeed, the orthogonal effects of expectations and attention in predictive coding have been established empirically using fMRI (Kok et al. 2011).
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com