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They were soon decimated by the effects of epidemic disease, military conquest, and enslavement, and, as with other colonized peoples, they were subject to discriminatory political and legal policies well into the 20th, and even the 21st, century.
In a series of our work, from an analytical aspect we study the effects of epidemic risk and population movement on the spatiotemporal transmission of infectious disease via an SIS epidemic reaction diffusion model proposed by Allen et al.
The most obvious is population size decline, which reflects the cumulative effects of epidemic disease, slave raiding, forced labor tribute, frontier conflict casualties, and the often overlooked factor of fugitivism.
Inogwabini BI1, Leader-Williams N. Effects of epidemic diseases on the distribution of bonobos.
BioWar is a multi-agent network model for simulating the effects of epidemic outbreaks due to bioterrorism attacks.
In this paper, we use both of these tools to assess the effects of epidemic interventions in closed health-care facilities.
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Recent advances in research on malaria early warning systems are potentially useful to reduce the effects of epidemics, but they are associated with challenges that face most developing countries.
Increased understanding of the epidemiology of PPRV infection in mixed species environments is urgently needed, especially because the virus range has apparently expanded in recent years, with associated social and economic effects of epidemics in areas where the disease had not been circulating, including programs for ongoing control (1 ).
What if saw beyond our Paleolithic perceptions of temporality, recognized the cause-and-effect of epidemic obesity and chronic disease, and treated the scenario just like drowning?
After controlling for the effect of epidemic wave, commercial flocks (>50 head) had reduced odds of having within-flock R0 estimates below unity compared to flocks of smaller size (<50 head).
These locations were chosen to compare possible urban rural differences in live poultry exposure, as observed in an earlier study (1 ), and to assess the effect of epidemic proximity on the public's attitude and behavior.
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