Second, arguments to the effect that knowers are differentiated from each other along the lines of social location suggest that in many cases knowers must rely on others differently situated from themselves in order to attain certain forms of knowledge.
However, over recent years, the reporting of effect sizes, such as in Cohen's d, has become almost standard practice, thus enabling highly statistically reliable but trivial effects to be differentiated from effects of clinical and everyday relevance.
In order to compare the results with other studies, it is thus necessary to verify which type of effects is considered - only direct effects or also indirect effects - and how these are differentiated.
It is also important to consider whether a mutation that does not affect the phenotype and behavior of hPSCs may have harmful effects once the cells are differentiated to a particular lineage of interest and/or transplanted into a different niche in vivo.
"The question is whether the mutations have a detrimental effect once the cells are differentiated and transplanted back in vivo, not whether they are present or not," he says.
Effect intensity: On the basis of the severity of their effects, variations were differentiated into low, moderate and high effect variations.
Previous studies have reported that GA and its metabolites can reduce early glycation products, intermediates in glycation pathway and AGE [24, 25], but the inhibitory effects cannot be differentiated from its glucose-lowering effect.
Weidenhamer (2006) proposed allelopathic effects might be differentiated experimentally using the density-dependent nature of phytotoxic effects, in turn, causing deviations from predicted growth density relationships.
Direct and indirect irradiation effects can be differentiated by means of DMSO which prevents radical-mediated, indirect DNA damage [4, 6, 7].
However, there was a significant correlation between geographic distance and island-mainland habitat type, suggesting that the two matrices are collinear and their effects cannot be differentiated.
