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As an exception, we have identified an archaeal receptor family exemplified by Af1503 from Archaeoglobus fulgidus that is C-terminally shortened, lacking a recognizable effector module.
The effector module in each gene cluster can differ from strain to strain.
We observed that pandemic strains of V. cholerae harbor the same T6SS effector module set (Unterweger et al, 2014).
This could result from orphan immunity genes or from lack of expression of the effector module in AM-19226.
The effector module set of any given V. cholerae strain determines the strain's T6SS effector repertoire and controls its interaction with other bacteria.
One effector module is found in each of the T6SS auxiliary gene clusters 1 and 2, and in the large gene cluster.
Similar(47)
Despite paramount biological importance, a dearth exists of intact SHK structures containing both sensor and effector modules.
Sensor modules, such as the widespread Per ARNT Sim (PAS) domains, detect signals and, in response, regulate the biological activity of effector modules.
Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by effector modules consisting of single, large, multidomain proteins that appear to have been derived from mobile genetic elements.
To adapt these systems for therapeutic applications it will be often necessary to re-engineer molecules and pathways to yield novel sensory, control, and effector modules for insertion into existing, specialized cellular chassis.
The CRISPR-Cas systems belong to two classes, with multi-subunit effector complexes in Class 1 and single-protein effector modules in Class 2. Concerted genomic and experimental efforts on comprehensive characterization of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems led to the identification of two new types and several subtypes.
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