The main outcomes of this study, namely the effectiveness (LYS), the total cost, and cost effectiveness as the cost per life year saved ratio of each pre-emptive and reactive vaccination strategy, with and without social distancing and antiviral interventions, for each modelled scenario, and for both moderate and severe pandemics are presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
The committees specified USD150 per DALY as 'attractive' cost effectiveness and USD25 per DALY as 'highly attractive' cost effectiveness for low-income countries.
The evaluation of cost-effectiveness as cost per QALY allows comparison with other interventions designed to reduced cancer mortality.
We calculated cost-effectiveness as cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained (QALY), and conducted one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.
A cost-utility analysis was conducted, which assessed cost-effectiveness as the cost per QALY gained to capture the quality of life gains associated with TKR.
Secondary outcomes will include cost-effectiveness, as evaluated by cost per healed ulcer and cost per treated patient and safety evaluated by adverse events.
Including costs of vaccination, such as vaccine costs, staff costs and advertising, would allow incremental cost-effectiveness (as expressed in cost per case avoided) or cost-utility (as expressed in cost per QALY gained) of HPV vaccines to be calculated, which was beyond the scope of this study.
The long term aim is to facilitate successful hospital-wide introduction of ABHR and to subsequently improve the hand hygiene compliance and effectiveness among HCWs, as per institutional policy.
Fig. 6 Effectiveness per groups, and per inspected objects.
We calculated cost effectiveness ratios as $ per DALY averted, incrementally between strategies.
