Sentence examples for effectively neutral from inspiring English sources

The program also estimates the proportions of substitutions with different magnitudes of deleterious effect, from effectively neutral to strongly deleterious.

We ignore the long-term effects of effectively neutral mutations, as their combined potential for decreasing fitness is too small to be of interest here.

However, if the sites being considered are subject to selection then the proportion of mutations that are effectively neutral will depend directly on the effective population size.

How many of our observed mutations are effectively neutral is highly dependent on the effective population size, which is probably very high in the bulk competition experiment (cf., e.g., Skelly et al. 2009, who estimate Ne ≈ 2.6 × 10).

Let us assume that all mutations are deleterious (or effectively neutral) and that the distribution of fitness effects is a gamma distribution.

In contrast, many more mutations are effectively neutral in D. miranda, but the average effect of the mutations incorporated would be larger.

Because of its larger population size, fewer advantageous mutations will be effectively neutral in D. melanogaster and many adaptive substitutions of weak effect can fix in this species.

(iii) Effectively neutral mutations that accumulate like neutral mutations are ignored, as their effects are too small for impacting fitness.

In other words, because of the generally low effective population size in endangered species, genetic variants are more likely to be effectively neutral in endangered than in common species.

The bank can then either hold on to that risk or hedge the investment so that its position is effectively neutral.

Genes controlling the development of unnecessary structures become effectively neutral.