The authors found that a range of relational factors including reduced opportunities for interaction, cultural obstacles, differing frames and worldviews, and mistrust impeded the effective translation of knowledge into policy.
The effective translation of knowledge to practice will depend, in part, on what we know about computerized CDS and its impact on care processes and patient outcomes, factors that are central to advancing the vision inherent to HITECH.
Translational research is defined as "the effective translation of new knowledge, mechanisms, and techniques generated by advances in basic science research into new approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease" [ 50].
Given the recent scientific attention, coupled with the increasing availability of probiotic products, it is important that practitioners have an understanding of patient knowledge and opinions surrounding probiotics, as well as their current use in infants to enable effective translation of research knowledge as it becomes available.
A familiar concept in TR refers to the translation of basic laboratory discoveries to useful clinical applications as "bench to bedside" research (1, p. 211; 11, p. 859), as the "effective translation of the new knowledge, mechanisms, and techniques generated by advances in basic science research into new approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease" (1, p. 211).
There are several obstacles to the effective translation of biomedical discovery into clinical benefit.
As scientific knowledge of the health benefits of probiotics increases, it is important to identify factors that may prevent their successful integration into patient care as well as to ensure effective translation of research findings.
Each of these pillars generates, to a great extent, conditions for a more effective and efficient translation of scientific knowledge into action, as well as addressing the challenges set forth by Barkin and Schlundt (2011).
While improving provider and health worker knowledge regarding HBV prevention is a necessary first step toward HBV prevention, other additional obstacles often hinder translation of knowledge into effective preventive practices.
This implies weakness in translation of knowledge and absence of effective communication between researchers and policymakers.
