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Incandescent lamps are used for effective surface illumination.
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The effective surface area of the electrode was 1.0 × 1.5 cm for illumination.
The photocurrent voltage characteristics of as-prepared samples with an effective surface area of 0.1 cm−2 were recorded using an electrochemical workstation (CHI660E, Shanghai Chenhua Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) under simulated AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW cm−2) provided by a solar simulator equipped with a 500 W Xe lamp.
Surface illumination, as used in our study, can produce a selective antitumour effect on large tumours.
Commonly, in-plane sensitive interferometric optical arrangements use two symmetrical collimated wavefronts for object surface illumination.
The effective surface area is 0.2 m2.
Imaging techniques which rely on a full surface illumination and a camera for detection operate on a similar principle.
Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point.
Generally, the most effective illumination is by incandescent lamps placed above the front glass.
They are, however, not effective in severe illumination environments such as a strong backlight.
These strategies have complementary features since each of them is effective in different illumination conditions.
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