If a huge segment of the Russian business community were to rise up asking for a better governance, more democracy and an effective judiciary, it might pose a true challenge for Mr. Putin's regime.
Bolivia is to become the first country in Latin America in which judges are to be ratified by popular election, with an initial ballot due in December.Whether that will produce a more independent and effective judiciary remains to be seen.
The United Nations expert on human rights in Burma noted in a report this month that Burma "lacks an independent, impartial and effective judiciary", and in his discussions with the chief justice of the supreme court, "noted limited acknowledgement of challenges and gaps in capacity or functioning, and a lack of willingness" to address options for reform.
They would need to support and mentor the current government, despite their doubts about Syriza, in undertaking the kind of changes that occurred in Germany after 1945 and Eastern Europe after 1989 creating clean and efficient administrative institutions, an apolitical and effective judiciary, a meritocratic bureaucracy and much more.
The private sector must abide by laws and regulations in countries where they operate, so their impact in part depends on governments establishing good policies, fair regulations and an effective judiciary system to deliver such development impact.
Public refers to people, acting together to provide what we all depend on: roads and bridges, public buildings and parks, a system of education, a strong economic system, a system of law and order with a fair and effective judiciary, dams, sewers, and a power grid, agencies to monitor disease, weather, food safety, clean air and water, and on and on.
But it is vital, points out Philippe Sands of University College London, in states where, in the absence of an independent and effective local judiciary, "the court serves as a first and a last resort for individuals who are subject to real and extensive abuses".
The agreement also provides for the renewal of Palestinian democracy, including an effective parliament, independent judiciary and separation of powers, and free democratic elections within a year.
The Clinton Administration is right to make press freedom a priority, and should work for an effective and independent judiciary as well.
The Communist Party will find it increasingly tough to manage a complicated economy (without independent regulators) and political system (without an independent judiciary or effective rule of law).
Given the Chinese government's effective control over the judiciary, human rights advocates said the court's rejection of the appeal underscores the United States' limited ability to influence Beijing on matters that would appear to have minimal impact on the country's rulers.
