The surrogate threshold effect proportion (STEP), proposed by Lassere [ 1], is also a relative measure, and is derived from its absolute measure, the surrogate threshold effect (STE).
Table 3 provides a summary of the descriptive statistics: range, floor effect (proportion with score of 0), mean and standard deviation values.
Proportions of studies with Positive and Negative Effect of CCG versus NCCG are shown in Figure 2. In the selected 45 articles the positive effect proportion of CCG was 0.64 (p = 0.053) [see Additional file 2].
A reanalysis of the data using random effects models produced similar results to the fixed effect (proportion of total variability explained by heterogeneity (I) was 16% for the FDA data and 0% for the journal data).
The excellent rank statistical evidence specified in the BSES requires high trial-level association of treatment effects, high individual-level associations and high surrogate threshold effect proportion (STEP) between the surrogate endpoint and the true clinical endpoint.
The corresponding ceiling effects (proportions of adults who scored maximum) were 0.6% and 0.1%.
Ceiling and floor effects (proportion of respondents with the best and worst possible theoretical scores, respectively) were calculated for the EQ-5D and SF-6D.
Ceiling effects (proportion of subjects scoring at the highest possible scale level) were also negligible, although 6.5% of the subjects scored at the maximum scale level of the social subscale.
Also mother's education had little effect on proportions having daily meals.
This resulted in gradually reduced disease activity without a concomitant substantial effect on proportions of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ CD4+CD25-Foxp3+
