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Our results suggest that font type has little effect on reading speed, once the size of the print is taken into account.
They also found that parents' early reading activities with their children mediated a large part of the effect on reading achievement by the number of books at home.
Based on previous analyses of aggregated country-level data (Rosén and Gustafsson 2014), our hypothesis is that increased computer use at home has a negative effect on reading achievement and that this can be explained by displacement theories.
For example, the language at home variable had twice as strong an effect on reading achievement in the 10YTS as in the PIRLS study, which may influence the interaction effect as well.
The value of partial eta square offered a direct view of the effect size on the dependent variables, which showed a hardly moderate effect on reading strategies and a large effect on writing strategies according to Cohen (1988) criteria (.01 = small effect,.06 = moderate effect,.14 = large effect).
The results for mathematics contrast with the positive effects found in Bui (2014) for one grade (fifth grade) and one school district in the Southwest U.S. Bui (2014) also finds a modest and statistically insignificant positive effect on reading test scores.
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Effects on reading enjoyment were still detectable at 5-month follow-up.
We do not find any significant effects on reading Georgian as a second language.
Multilevel analyses showed that the school/home-based intervention had significant effects on reading enjoyment and reading curiosity.
Research on the implementation of reading strategies suggests that self-regulated learning might be a powerful framework to optimize effects on reading comprehension.
And, interestingly, the relationship between social capital and reading achievement was not mediated by instructional practices — social capital had direct positive effects on reading.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com