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The calculations and a serial of thermoluminescence experiments have been conducted to verify the effect of the trap engineering.
Significantly higher numbers of Culicoides chiopterus and Culicoides dewulfi were trapped with opaque traps, while there was no obvious effect of the trap shape.
For herbivore species that use olfactory or visual cues to find host plants, the mechanism of aggregation in the trap crop is a combination of attraction and arrestment and hence the population regulatory effect of the trap crop is higher compared to herbivores with post-alighting host recognition behaviour.
Evaluation of the real component allows us to correct for the effect of the trap.
Similar(56)
Shorter t on and longer t off are necessary to suppress the effect of the trapping and detrapping of the charges.
These results are in agreement with previous data on a Finnish bank vole population that evidenced an important effect of the trapping season [6].
52, 54, 55 One factor that works against the efficacy of gravid traps and ovitraps is the presence of naturally occurring containers that function as refuges for the reproductive population, as opposed to the sink effect of the traps.
If so, what are the effects of the traps?
Using dynamic programming methods, we study the design of optimal monetary policy in a simple, calibrated open-economy model and evaluate the effect of the liquidity trap generated by the zero bound on nominal interest rates.
The results obtained in this Letter also show the stagnant effect of the sand trap not only changes the total efficiency of the sand collection, but also the distribution of the vertical sand flux.
Quantitative analyses in 5 heterozygous cell lines revealed no increase in the proportion of prophase-like cells (1.22%±0.5), an observation arguing against a potential dominant-negative effect of the gene trap allele.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com