Our results indicate that the method of immunization has a pronounced effect on the breadth of the antibody response against a given protein.
Importantly, however, they also demonstrate that while the folding transition state may be conserved in homologous proteins that fold with two and three-state kinetics, the population of an intermediate can have a significant effect on the breadth of the transition state ensemble.
The relationship between distribution of the butterflies and both of the predictor variables are shown in figures 2 and 3. To study the effect of niche breadth on the distribution of the butterflies, we analysed the effects of larval specificity and adult habitat breadth on butterfly distribution using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparisons test.
The relationships between the density and the predictor variables are depicted in Figures 6 and 7. To study the effect of niche breadth on the density of the butterflies, we analysed the effects of larval specificity and adult habitat breadth by ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test.
We tested for the effect of expression breadth on the M F ratio using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) framework with sex bias as response variable and expression breadth and expression level as explanatory covariates.
Genes occupying extreme upstream positions in the network are significantly less constrained than those acting at the downstream part, even when the effect of expression breadth, codon bias, or the number of paralogs is removed, but the difference is not significant when expression level or connectivity are included in the analysis (Additional file 1: Table S2).
As to γ relaxation, there is also a clear effect of the comonomer content on the breadth and on the location of this relaxation.
These differing effects demonstrate the breadth of biological activities available for discovery by screening of extracts from marine animals.
These include tighter correlations between taxonomic species designations and haplotype distributional relationships, consistent and significant differences in pair-wise measures of genetic or morphometric distances between taxonomic species but not for populations within them, and poor isolation by distance effects across the breadth of the sampled geographic range.
We evaluated the effect of breadth of taxon sampling, sequence type, and tree-building method on the trees constructed with each of the three data sets (fig. 2).
