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Two experiments were performed to study the effect of fire and ash concentration on the germination of Pinus pinaster and Cistus laurifolius seeds.
We used a combination of GIS and field surveys to determine the effect of fire and pre-fire vegetation on the appearance of A. unedo forests.
The damaging effect of fire and resulting collapse of a number of buildings at the World Trade Center (New York) in 2001 focussed attention on the need to ensure robustness in steel-framed buildings under extreme conditions.
From the results, it is found that the introduction of additional protection methods to reduce the effect of fire and explosion under ALARP criteria is not required, and two cases of the selection of independent protection layers are recommended to meet the SIL level of failure rate for safer design and operation in the offshore environment.
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A primary concern among the many potential effects of fire is the effects of fire and fire management on persistence of native fish populations.
The biophysical effects of fire and grazing depend both on their intensities and season of occurrence.
We conclude that effects of fire and grazing on savanna soil processes are limited.
Wu et al. (1997) and Smith and Kadlec (1985) also showed that the effects of fire and TP on cattail expansion can be predicted.
Our results provide an insight into the long-term effects of fire and grazing on soil water infiltration and soil CO2 fluxes in savanna ecosystems.
In an Australian context, this means optimizing the effects of fire and mitigating the effects of weeds, pests and seasonal conditions on both vegetation and fauna (Hobbs 2004; Chazdon 2008; Bullock et al. 2011).
Effects of fire and logging on some groups, such as ground beetles, have been assessed but separately, in different regions and different time frames.
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