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For the purpose of this cost-effectiveness study, we chose two tangible outcomes as health effect indicators: amputations and deaths.
The selection of effect indicators in the pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic study of complex diseases to describe the relationship between plasma concentration and effect indicators is difficult.
Those indicators are the effect of valuing face seriously, thus recognized as effect indicators in RM.
Nevertheless, most use general indicators (i.e. effect indicators) to increase stability (e.g. Zhang 2012; Chan et al. 2009).
Since alternative approaches have not yet been standardized and validated in the field of environmental monitoring, such methods are not covered by the new guideline VDI 4230, Part 4. Since the rules and provisions for use of fish as general effect indicators differ substantially, a separate guideline for standards in effect monitoring is under preparation (VDI 4230, Part 5).
These items are called effect indicators and are expected to be highly correlated and interchangeable [ 9].
Similar(32)
We consider nucleation effect by means of nucleation effect indicator (Eq. 3).
The nucleation effect of limestone addition is considered using nucleation effect indicator.
The interaction term is the product of a topological metric and the corresponding peer effect indicator occurring on the network.
In this case, the indicator is called a reflective indicator or effect indicator and the corresponding measurement model is known as a reflective model (RM).
The nucleation effect of limestone is considered using nucleation effect indicator, and chemical effect of limestone is modeled using a logarithm function with multiple modification factors.
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