Temporary or permanent, sterilization is a more certain way to prevent the negative effects a pregnancy could have on the entire crew such as danger to the mother, abnormalities in the fetus, and limited resources for the crew, and to better ensure the safety and well-being of all.
We sought to determine the effect of a pregnancy options counseling workshop focusing on communication skills and ethics on medical student competency.
Nevertheless, certain histological types appeared to be more susceptible to an adverse effect of a pregnancy.
The overall protective effect of a pregnancy seemed to be particularly pronounced in relation to mucinous and tubular tumors.
The higher frequency of medullary tumors among multiparous women, however, is consistent with an unfavorable effect of a pregnancy on this particular histological type of breast cancer.
Further knowledge about this issue, as well as about underlying biological mechanisms for the adverse effect of a pregnancy, may give valuable information for improved and more individualized treatment.
There have been, however, no data directly addressing the hypothesis that the protective effect of a pregnancy depends on the length of gestation across the whole range of gestational age.
The effects of a pregnancy on these preexisting cancer-precursor cells have not been rigorously tested.
Time-related effects of a pregnancy on breast cancer risk were examined in a population-based prospective study of 802,457 parous Norwegian women aged 20-56 years. 20-56 years
A complete risk analysis of each subtype, in particular when considering time-related effects of a pregnancy, is difficult due to the low number of cases of certain histological types.
The effect of planning a pregnancy appeared beneficial in this study, but a Swedish study found only 20% of women planning their pregnancy took folic acid during the period in which they were planning [ 18].
