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However, COI management depends on the staff members of each journal's editorial secretariat.
Furthermore, not only authors, but reviewers and editors, and all editorial secretariat members, as well as anyone mentioned in Acknowledgement sections, should be given education on the significance of COI and on how to make appropriate, transparent statements.
6 8 Such education and official declarations are essential, but we suspect that they are insufficient, because policies on COI disclosure are implemented by the staff members of each journal's editorial secretariat.
This study's objectives were to find out (A) whether COI disclosure and the journal's role in it are clearly understood by the journal's secretariat staff, (B) how much experience the editorial secretariat has in actually handling issues related to disclosure and (C) what kind of help or support they need.
Here we report information provided by the JAMS member societies with regard to (A) whether there is a clear understanding of COI disclosure and of the journal's role, (B) how much experience the editorial secretariat has in actually handling issues related to disclosure and (C) what kind of help or support they need.
The official guidelines of the JAMS with regard to COI disclosure 10 are generally consistent with the positions of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and the Council of Science Editors (CSE), but we were interested in the implementation of those policies at each journal's editorial secretariat.
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In January 2014, questionnaires were sent to the editorial secretariats of journal-publishing societies belonging to the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences JAMSS).
Staff members of editorial secretariats were uncertain about the implementation of COI-disclosure policies at their journals.
Questions were also raised by editorial secretariats concerning present policies of holding documentation for only 1 2 years after publication of a paper.
From the responses to this question, we found that COI education was given by only 35 of the editorial secretariats (28.9%).
Very few of the editorial secretariats had clearly-stated consequences for violations of COI-disclosure policy (33/121, 27.3%), and only 28.9% offered COI education (35/121).
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