A 1980 law required that such payments be "reasonable and adequate" to cover the costs of "efficiently and economically operated facilities".
Numerical studies confirm that the ICES can be economically operated, and the tie-line power between the ICES and external energy network can be effectively smoothed.
In Palmer v. Thompson, a 1971 case that reached the Supreme Court, the city council of Jackson, Mississippi argued that it could not safely nor economically operate pools if they were integrated.
Seventy years ago, airplane range was limited, fuel stops were needed, and airlines could not economically operate a long route without the right to carry "local" customers between countries.
In a recent interview in Politico, he referred to Emirates' recent routes from the U.S., noting: "these can't be routes that a normal for-profit airline would ever be able to economically operate," adding, "after 20-some years of being in this business and understanding the basics of economics, you knew that the economics on routes like JFK-Milan, without subsidies, wouldn't work".
Distributed production network consists of the number of different individual factories that joins together to form a network, in which these factories can operate more economically than operating individually and each individual factory usually focuses on self-benefits.
Consequently, the 300-ton barges operating economically early in this century have been replaced by craft as large as 1,350 tons and more.
This work evaluates the performance of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) energy management process that relies on the active management of the degradation of its energy carriers – in this scenario, a lithium-ion battery pack and a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) – to produce a near economically-optimal vehicle operating profile over its entire useful lifetime.
The design procedure consists of three steps: first, a suitable control structure that enables the operation of the column near the economically optimal operating point is determined based upon the rigorous nonlinear process model.
