Capture-recapture is a method for estimating the number of cases missed, originally developed in ecology to estimate the size of animal populations.
Arctic Frontiers, a conference organised at the University of Tromso in January, looked at how warming will change the ecology, to estimate whether it will bring one about.
Mark recapture analysis is widely used in ecology to estimate abundance and survival rates.
Many geospatial tools have been advocated in spatial ecology to estimate biodiversity and its changes over space and time.
Also, the governing equations in the problems of biological sciences, such as spreading of disease by the dispersal of infectious individuals, the reaction-diffusion models in ecology to estimate the speed of invasion etc., are integro-differential equations.
In the last decade, the particle filter method based on conditional probability theory has attracted many researchers in the field of communication engineering, robotics, image processing, and ecology to estimate state of the system and hidden parameters from noisy signals/data [21, 22, 23].
Also, the governing equations in the problems of biological sciences such as spreading of disease by the dispersal of infectious individuals [11 13], the reaction-diffusion models in ecology to estimate the speed of invasion [14, 15], and so forth, are integro-differential equations.
In a study published in May in the Journal of Industrial Ecology, Heller estimated food losses add the equivalent of 33 million cars to American emissions.
This is a measure frequently used in waterfowl ecology to estimate a bird's abdominal fat storage [13], [15] (on a scale of 1 6, in steps of ¼ unit).
Or, the authors may provide a justification for using the information theoretic glossary in terms of earlier work in ecology in estimating species frequencies.
