We used ecological municipality-level analysis also to compare leukemia and overall cancer incidence between the municipalities adjacent to the planned potential future NPP sites and the rest of Finland.
We used three different approaches: ecological analysis at municipality level, residential cohorts defined from census data, and case control analysis with individual residential histories.
The purpose of this study is to investigate, whether visits to gynaecologists correlate with better health outcomes and worse participation in organised screening for cancer programs in an ecological analysis using municipalities and groups at 5-year age intervals within municipalities as the study units.
This is an ecological analysis using municipalities and groups of women at 5-year age intervals within municipalities as study units.
We first compared leukemia and overall cancer incidence between the municipalities adjacent to the NPPs (Fig. 1) and the rest of Finland using ecological analysis with municipality-level data.
By adopting the concept of strong sustainability, this study raises doubts whether implementing the MCAPs examined here will reduce the current ecological footprint of the municipalities to an extent that acknowledges the ecological carrying capacity.
An ecological study of 62 municipalities around an airport in Amsterdam found no clustering of cardiovascular hospitalizations in areas close to the airport, 27 28 but we improve on this study by assessing the relation for individual at risk people and by estimating the whole exposure-response relation.
The municipal distribution pattern of suitable SRC parcels was similar to the "income first" scenario but with some variation, e.g. the Adelebsen (No. 4) municipality having no "ecological benefits" areas, whereas the municipality of Friedland (No. 8) showed a 70% share.
Funding for incentive-based watershed management may be derived from Brazil's "ecological" tax system, which compensates municipalities for conservation costs based on the value-added tax (ICMS) (Marques [2009]; Veiga [2008]).
This ecological study in Duque de Caxias municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, used neighbourhoods (bairros) as the unit of analysis.
Following the ecological tradition in criminology, municipal data on income, employment, family structure, education, access to public services and other aspects of municipalities might help in disentangling within-area variation in crime.
