This paper develops a geo-ecological perspective which unites both habitat and ecological dependencies in fragile upland environments, and provides a framework for developing conservation management.
The ecological dependencies between mockingbirds and their obligate parasites mean that the lice and mites similarly lack opportunities for frequent inter-island migration.
The health of the ecological environment has a strong dependency on groundwater level (Zhang et al. 2003).
Institutions necessarily respond to geo-political contexts, ecological and economic drivers, path dependencies and also to forces from other competing and complementary institutions.
The power relationship reveals a high dependency of per capita ecological footprint on residential density, which helps to identify an optimal density.
The observed stream size - SR dependency follows a general ecological pattern, i.e. the species-area relationship that is found very commonly for a wide variety of taxa and types of ecosystems, and only few exceptions exist [e.g. [ 42]].
The high vulnerability of people in Africa to climate variability and or change is attributed largely to their low adaptive capacity, which results from deteriorating, extensive poverty, ecological resources, unequal land distribution and high dependency on the natural resource base.
'The local' in Lesotho is an intricate and complex amalgamation of trans-boundary political interests, economic dependencies, cultural and social ties, ecological circumstances, historical events and traditions.
In this study, we tested: (1) the hypothesis of the tendency towards terrestriality, with shifts from aquatic to terrestrial breeding and the existence of obligatory intermediate stages; and (2) the association between reproductive modes and morphological and ecological features that are potentially related to water dependency.
We articulate how these imbalances have cascaded through the deep inter-dependencies between carbon, soil, water, nutrient and ecological processes, resulting in a critical transition of the critical zone and creating emergent inter-dependencies and co-evolutionary trajectories.
