"They don't mate with one another, and they live in totally different geologic and ecologic areas". Wake said that the number of known salamanders is increasing by two percent - nearly 100 new species - every year.
However, these models may be difficult to generalize to dissimilar ecologic areas; they do not include the effects of immunity or different animal human interactions and cannot model the effects of control measures.
The study area in the Serengeti ecologic region in northwestern Tanzania comprised wildlife-protected areas, including the Serengeti National Park (SNP) and adjacent game reserves (Maswa, Ikorongo, and Grumeti).
We believe that knowledge of ecologic region and proximity to water can be used to define areas within which tularemia exposure is more likely.
It is also vital to appreciate that this is a small area (ecologic) study, where exposure assessment is based solely on place of residence, and the possible biologic pathway is not clear.
More recently, human and animal cases of infection with the emerging fungal pathogen Cryptococcus gattii showed promise for identifying ecologic niches and areas at high risk for this infection.
Furthermore, B. gilchristii is hypothesized to inhabit a specific ecologic niche in areas of hyperendemicity, whereas B. dermatitidis may be adapted to a wider range of environmental conditions and distribution throughout North America may be scattered (30 ).
Investigations have adopted either the case control (e.g., Aschengrau et al. 1998; Infante-Rivard and Amre 2001; Morris and Knorr 1996; Mulder et al. 1994; Wrensch et al. 1999) or small-area (ecologic) approach (e.g., Berry and Bove 1997; Goldberg et al. 1995; Kokki et al. 2001; Lopez-Abente et al. 2001; Wilkinson et al. 1997).
braziliensis is widely distributed in South America, this species may be transmitted by several different sand flies species and different animal species can be the reservoirs in distinct ecologic and geographical areas, which increases the molecular diversity of the parasites [ 9, 10].
A number of these are ecologic studies using geographical area based measures as SES indicators (comparing richer with poorer areas).
