Even if the rear side echo has larger amplitude than the target echoes, the second highest peak cannot be viewed as the representation of the rear-side echo for sure since there is a possibility that the target echoes overlap with the rear side echo partly as long as the targets are located close to the wall.
If we want to further understand which ecological and evolutionary factors shape echolocation signal design, an even larger variety of call parameters need to be considered, including sound duration and pulse interval, which may create call-echo overlap or other masking effects.
In contrast to FM bats, these shifts in frequency, rather than time, allow CF bats to tolerate call-echo overlap (Schuller, 1974, 1977).
However, Novick (Novick, 1971) argued that rhinolophids might be able to estimate object distance based on call-echo overlap using Doppler-shift induced frequency changes in the CF component, but provided little justification for his argument.
These and most other laryngeal echolocating species are believed to be unable to tolerate call-echo overlap as a result of reduced sensitivity in the middle ear synchronized to the emission of the call (Jen and Suga, 1976).
To test the influence the lancets have on the reduction of clutter, we simulated the effect of 1 to 4 clutter echoes overlapping with a target echo using a Monte Carlo technique.
Consequently, with the advancement of digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) [7, 8], the active false targets retransmitted by deception jammers would be robustly correlated with real target echoes and probably overlap with the echoes in both time and frequency domain, which will significantly enhance its deception.
From time to time the screen is divided into two or three almost identical images, and the sound is edited to make it sound as if Mr. Tyson is in dialogue with himself, his words echoing and overlapping.
We used the minimum distance between the speaker/microphone and the fabrics to prevent the returning echoes from overlapping with outgoing calls.
How many of your rules overlap or echo the tips?
