Sentence examples for each sample was estimated from inspiring English sources

The gold concentration in each sample was estimated using the ImageJ software (Fig. 12).

The maximum paleotemperature for each sample was estimated from the reported vitrinite reflectance values (Ro) in accompanying terrigenous rocks (Ohmori 1998) (Table 1).

Colonies of more than 50 cells were scored as survivors, and the plating efficiency for each sample was estimated based on the initial number of seeded cells.

The carbon 1s core level XPS spectra of GO, RGO, and graphite samples were shown in Figure 3. From the semi-quantitative analysis by XPS, the relative amount of oxygen containing functional groups in each sample was estimated.

The dry cell weight of each sample was estimated by multiplying the determined cell weight of E. coli by the OD600 using the equation: dry cell weight (mg) = 0.0582 × OD600 × volume (mL).

Protein concentration for each sample was estimated with BCA kit (Perbio, Brebières, France).

In addition, the energy storage capacity of each sample is estimated using analytical formulae.

Then, the areal average precipitation of each sample is estimated and used as input to the Xinanjiang model.

The rutile ratio (χR) of each sample is estimated from XRD intensity data using the formula expressed as follows: χ R = 1 + 0.8 I A I R − 1, (2).

The %S values of the clay phases in each sample were estimated using the approach outlined by Hillier (1993), where peak migration curves derived by Hower (1981) were used for regularly ordered (R = 1; i.e., free of any successive saponite saponite pairs within stacking %S < 50) C/S for peaks between 8.5 and 7.1 Å.

Namely, the gene expression of each sample is estimated by adjusting each individual probe effect.