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Each paternal haplotype was designated by its 17-STR profile.
Moreover, a high degree of consanguinity (47% first cousin marriages[9]) and local endogamy, generate a situation in which each paternal household in a specific geographic region is a subpopulation isolate in which there is a strong correlation between paternal and maternal household identity[10].
To account for stochastic deviations from an exact 1∶1 ratio of paternal alleles in the offspring, for each candidate gene locus, the expected values for carbonaria versus typical offspring were calculated with respect to the actual frequencies of each paternal allele (A or B) in the offspring sample.
Candidate RAD alleles were considered allelic between the parents provided that a) there were three or fewer base differences in the 40 base forward sequence and b) each paternal RAD allele matched either i) a single maternally derived RAD allele or ii) multiple RAD alleles on the same chromosome.
Each paternal parent produced a mean of 3.47 offspring.
For each paternal individual (pollen donor), two pollen recipients (maternal individuals) were chosen.
Similar(48)
In contrast, normal biparental embryos contain one complement each of paternal and maternal imprinted genes.
Offspring from each female (four paternal half-sib families for each of the two female parents) were reared separately until accurate sexing by visual inspection of the gonads was possible at 16 months of age at which time the fish were sacrificed, weighed, sexed and their body length was measured.
Each individual had two haplotypes (one maternal and one paternal) in each genealogy and each haplotype belonged to exactly one of the eight clusters.
Comparing the women's M.H.C. gene variations with those of the men whose odor they preferred, the Chicago researchers found a match to each woman's paternal genes, but not those inherited from her mother.
This held true not only for the six immediate ancestors as a group but also for each category father, mother, paternal and maternal grandparents.
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