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On the other hand, each item was validated for discriminant validity if the correlation between the score of the item and the score on the subscale where it belongs is greater than all the correlations among the score of the item and the remaining subscales.
Prior to survey analysis, the content of each item was validated by three experts on a four-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much).
Then, for each item, if the correlation between the score on that item and the score on the subscale to which that item belongs is 0.4 or higher, that item is validated in terms of convergent validity.
A Finnish study from 2003 among employees 25 64 years of age, in which the single stress item was validated, indicated that the stress symptoms increased with age [ 26].
Several TCMS items were validated with force plate measurements.
If the scale had a strong alpha value (>0.70), the items were validated.
The majority of items were validated instruments often used for health surveys, in Sweden and elsewhere.
The second version of RTQ (45 items) was validated from 130 RTR, resulting in the RTQ final version.
The Personal Meaning in Patient Care scale, consisting of six items, was validated in clinicians working in genetics [ 21].
Again, these items are validated items and have sound psychometric properties, and they have been used previously in national surveys [ 31].
Some years after Dupuy together with John E. Ware revised the questionnaire and a final version of 22 selected items was validated under the name of PGWB Index PGWBII).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com