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If all DHJ are initiated with the same size and then each Holliday junction "randomly" expands to a larger size, the length distribution of COs should follow a Normal distribution.
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The products of strand exchange are understood to be joint molecules tethered to each other by Holliday junctions and replication forks.
Unlike in natural Holliday junctions, each arm in the artificial immobile four-arm junction has a different base sequence, causing the junction point to be fixed at a certain position.
Electron microscopy of the tripartite RuvAB-Holliday junction complex showed that RuvA binds to the crossover while RuvB forms two hexameric rings encompassing dsDNA on each side, so that the Holliday junction adopts a square-planar structure [ 85].
Two sets of the RuvB protein, which each form a ring-shaped ATPase, are loaded onto opposite sides of the Holliday junction, where they act as twin pumps that provide the force for branch migration.
Whereas tyrosine recombinases exchange DNA strands through a Holliday intermediate, serine recombinases such as Hin generate double-strand breaks in each recombining partner.
Between those two rings of RuvB, two sets of the RuvA protein assemble in the center of the Holliday junction such that the DNA at the junction is sandwiched between each set of RuvA.
Holliday: Major.
Holliday did not.
Holliday: Oh, sure.
Holliday: We will.
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