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The DDC can dynamically adjust the flow of each data transmission to fully exploit the channel bandwidth.
In this research, we will also develop a two-level re-keying/re-routing schemes that cannot only adapt to a dynamic network topology but also securely update keys for each data transmission session.
Our multicast facility has several interesting properties: it has different numbers of clients interested in each data packet, allowing us to tune our strategy for each data transmission; has recurring data items, so that missed data items can be rescheduled for later transmission; and allows the server to adjust the scheduler according to loss information.
VAAs are formed before each data transmission.
However, the sender can randomly select the super nodes for each data transmission.
In the above equation, (T_{{{DATA}}_{c(d)}}phantom {dot {i}!}) represents the data transmission period in the cooperative (direct) transmission at each data transmission rate.
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In this case, the total overhead of each successful data transmission using the SCP-O model is about 24 bytes more than the SCP-M model.
In each spectrum hole, data transmission always happens except during the first spectrum sensing window.
In a similar manner, the secondary user should possess the interference threshold value of the primary user, which is usually announced by the primary user itself at the beginning of each communication or data transmission mode.
Protocol operation overhead, (mathcal {P}^{oh}): It can be measured as the amount of control bytes exchanged per successful data byte transmission, i.e., we are measuring the portion of cost a MAC protocol pays for each byte of data transmission.
Moreover, due to the support for localization, CSMA and TDMA protocols required for cluster formation and to allocate each node a data transmission slot to send packets, ns-2 is widely used for the simulation of hierarchical routing protocols (Singh et al. 2008; Zhang et al. 2009).
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