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Organ dysfunctions were defined as they are in the SOFA score.
Cardiac dysfunctions were defined as the presence of LVSD, LVDD, or RVD for more than 48 hours.
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Patients with heart failure symptoms, EF ≥50%, and fulfilling echocardiographic criteria for diastolic dysfunction were defined as having HFpEF.
Full-field ERG measures of dysfunction were defined as: mild (70%–99% of normal amplitude), moderate (30%–69% of normal), severe (1%–29% of normal), or undetectable.
Patients with sepsis who progressed to at least one organ dysfunction were defined as having severe sepsis, and those patients who progressed to circulatory failure were defined as having septic shock.
Normal renal function and mild and severe renal dysfunction were defined as serum creatinine concentrations of <1.2 mg/dl, ≥ 1.2 but <2.0 mg/dl, and ≥ 2.0 mg/dl, respectively.
Systolic dysfunction was defined as an ejection fraction (EF) less than 45% and was present in 10.9% of patients.
Diastolic dysfunction is defined as an abnormality in myocardial relaxation that impairs filling during diastole and contributes to the clinical syndrome of HF.
Systolic dysfunction was defined as LVEF < 50%.
LV systolic dysfunction was defined as LV ejection fraction ≤50%[16]].
Diaphragm dysfunction was defined as Ptr,stim < 11 cmH2O [3, 10, 11].
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