The majority of slum-dwellers in the MIT sample have no private latrine; in one Mumbai slum, taps are shared by more than 100 people.
11 12 Furthermore, the two studies in Ethiopia involved only rural participants, with one based only on patients with smear-positive tuberculosis, 13 while the study in Zambia was based on a cross-sectional sample of urban dwellers.
For example, a sparse phylogenetic sample of cave-dwellers, with missing surface taxa (either because of incomplete sampling or extinction), would be expected to overestimate the time available for troglomorphic evolution.
There was no reliable estimate for the middle class as the few studies that used an urban sample included slum-dwellers and urban-poor, and analyses stratified by socio-economic status were not presented [ 4, 14].
Furthermore, 31.3% of the weekly fecal samples from farm dwellers converted to an intestinal flora consisting of greater than 80% of tetracycline-resistant bacteria within 5 to 6 months.
The study used a survey research method where a randomly selected sample of 204 apartment dwellers in 6 neighbourhoods responded to a structured questionnaire.
One-fifth of the sample was permanent urban dwellers (urbanites, UU), with 33% living in Bangkok.
Over a fifth of our sample were retirement village dwellers (n = 105), with the greatest proportion of participants in the 75-79 yeageagroupoup.
The study sample consisted of community dwellers (N = 10,693) enrolled in a primary care programme in which participants overall had similar characteristics when compared to the Hong Kong population census.
12 In brief, the initial baseline sample included 3777 community dwellers, aged 65 or more, randomly selected from the electoral rolls in 75 different sites of two French administrative districts (Departments of Gironde and Dordogne).
