Sentence examples for dwarfed leaves from inspiring English sources
These plants both displayed dwarfed leaves, shorter, less stable inflorescences, and elongated petioles (Fig. 3).
PCR was used to check F2 progeny displaying the dwarfed leaves phenotypes for the presence of both mutant alleles and the absence of both wild-type alleles.
Moreover, dwarf leaves have a greater proportion of free lipids than tall leaves.
Tall leaves have a stable carbon isotopic composition that is ~3‰ lighter than dwarf leaves for each biochemical fraction.
The un-extractable fraction is similar in dwarf and tall leaves, (mean = 72.81 ± 7.16% for dwarf leaves, n = 3; mean = 68.41 ± 5.57% for tall leaves, n = 3; Tables 1 and 2).
The only noticeable difference between leaves from dwarf and tall trees is observed with the largest amino acid component, which is alanine in the tall leaves, whereas in the dwarf leaves it is glutamic acid.
Although the stable carbon isotopic composition of each biochemical fraction in the fresh leaves are different compared to that of the bulk leaf, the tall and dwarf leaves can be distinguished on this basis.
The one exception to this is threonine, in that the δ13C values of this compound in the dwarf leaves is, on average, 2.56‰ more negative than that in tall leaves.
Dwarf leaves contained on average less than 12% by weight carbon in the acid hydrolysed extract, whereas tall leaves have on average greater than 18% by weight carbon in this biochemical fraction (Tables 1 and 2).
Leaves from tall trees contain a greater absolute abundance of amino acids than dwarf leaves (Fig. 1a). Figure 1 Distribution of bound amino acids (ng mg-1 dry wt. leaf) in: (a) Fresh leaves from dwarf (open bars; n = 3) and tall (solid bars; n = 3) Red mangrove.
The range of δ13C values for all amino acids is wide (Table 4) as recognized in other plants.[27] There is however, a general trend of δ13C values; the majority of amino acids (7 of 12) from tall leaves are relatively depleted in [13]C compared with the dwarf leaves.
