It is also known that release of sexual products during spawning leads to tissue degradation coupled with oxidation processes (Shulman and Love 1999), therefore, spawning could induce natural oxidative stress (Soldatov et al. 2007).
The ladder was first installed during spawning season last year with limited success.
The state permit prohibits re-trenching to bury the line deeper until October in order to protect shellfish during spawning.
In another case, farmed salmon have been found in Canada's Magaguadavic River and the rivers of British Columbia during spawning season.
In some characins, the median and pelvic fins of the males may possess small hooks or contact organs, which aid in maintaining contact with the female during spawning.
The general incidence of contamination by Trichoderma sp was 6.6% in Supplementation Trial 1, and the fact that contamination appeared only in some bags of the last treatments suggests it occurred during spawning.
The head color changes from a light blue to a pinkish mix during spawning season.
However, river otters will prey on trout, pike, walleye (Sander vitreus vitreus), salmon (Oncorhynchus spp ., and other game fish during spawning.
The increase in heart rate during spawning behavior relative to the background rate during the resting period suggests that cardiac arrest is a characteristic physiological phenomenon of the extraordinarily high heart rate during spawning behavior.
Although it was suggested that long papillae, swollen during spawning, could disperse gametes across a thin layer of sand [17], our observations showed that C. subdepressus avoid contact of gametes with sand grains by clearing the apex during spawning.
Females built the nest using a caudal fin ("nest digging") [11], a behavior that requires higher energy in females than in males during spawning behavior [12].
