In our unifying approach, the above fundamental problems also confronted life at some stage during its origins.
Both theoretical and empirical studies frequently reveal selection against hybrids during speciation, although its origin seems unclear [ 74, 96].
Epidemiologic and biomolecular findings strongly suggested the existence of a local animal reservoir during this period, but its origin (resurgence or re-importation) could not be determined.
On a conceptual level, findings are in line with the existing framework of cumulative disadvantages over the life course and its origin during early childhood (Dannefer, 2003; Ferraro & Shippee, 2009).
Perhaps redness during severe inflammation had its origin in aposematism, serving as a warning signal, not to predators but to family and friends, to stay away from a source of contagion.
"You're the Top," for example, had its origin one night during supper at the Boeuf sur le Toit in Paris, when Porter and the then Mrs. Alastair Mackintosh entertained themselves by making up a list of superlatives that rhymed.
Another major communication advance that had its origin and early growth during the period between World Wars I and II was frequency-modulated (FM) radio.
Mr. Anspach fully researched the game and its origins during the course of a 10-year legal battle that, among other things, called into question whether Parker Brothers had illegitimately monopolized Monopoly.
However, it confirmed the notion of the rule of law and the applicability of trial by jury, which had seen its origins during Henry II's rule in the previous century when the first judges emerged too.
The authors use Patrick's story, along with those of the biologists Joshua Lederberg and Matthew Meselson, to sketch the contours of that program from its origins during World War II, through the renunciation of offensive biological warfare by the Nixon administration, to the focus on defense during the last decades of the cold war.
